Disaster strikes

• Disruption of caregiving and attachment relationships

  Emergencies can destabilize the close relationships children rely on for safety and emotional security.
  • Separation from parents or primary caregivers (due to death, displacement, illness, chaos)
  • Caregivers overwhelmed, stressed, or unable to provide consistent care and emotional support
  • Decrease in physical and mental health and well-being

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• Food Insecurity and Malnutrition

  Disruptions to food systems and livelihoods threaten children’s nutrition and healthy growth.
  • Disruption of food systems leading to inadequate die.
  • Economic hardship limiting families’ ability to access or afford nutritious food
  • Malnutrition risks can affect brain development, immune health, and overall survival in early childhood

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• Heightened Risk of Violence, Neglect, Exploitation

  Crisis conditions increase children’s exposure to harm, neglect, and exploitation.
  • Increased domestic violence, especially in confined or high-stress settings
  • Greater risk of child neglect as caregivers face hardship or breakdown
  • Exposure to exploitation (e.g., trafficking, forced labor, abuse) in insecure or unmonitored settings

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• Interrupted Access to Essential Services

  Breakdowns in essential services leave children without vital health, nutrition, and learning support.
  • Breakdown in routine healthcare (vaccinations, growth monitoring)
  • Interrupted access to food, clean water, and sanitation
  • Closure or disruption of early childhood services, learning spaces, and childcare

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• Psychosocial Distress and Toxic Stress Exposure

  Exposure to fear, chaos, and uncertainty places children under toxic stress that hinders development.
  • Exposure to fear, uncertainty, chaos, violence, or destruction
  • Lack of safe spaces for play, learning, and emotional recovery
  • Chronic toxic stress undermining early brain development

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• Unsafe Living Conditions

  Unstable or overcrowded environments during crises compromise children’s safety and well-being.
  • Loss of home and stable environment
  • Overcrowded, temporary shelters not adapted to young children’s needs
  • Increased exposure to physical dangers and environmental hazards

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